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Sociology is best defined as the systematic study of organized groups of humans because it focuses on understanding how individuals interact within larger social structures and institutions. This includes examining the relationships, social norms, cultures, and dynamics that arise when people come together in groups. Sociology seeks to explore patterns of behavior, social order, and the complexities of group interactions, making it integral to understanding societal functions and issues.

The other options touch on related topics but do not encapsulate the full scope of sociology. The study of individual behavior is more aligned with psychology, which examines personal motivations and mental processes. Analyzing political systems relates more to political science, focusing specifically on governance, policies, and political behavior. The examination of environmental impacts on society can fall within sociology, but it is often addressed more specifically in fields like environmental sociology, thus not capturing the broader essence of sociology as a whole.